India continues to supply arms to Israel despite a substantial risk of those weapons being used in the ongoing genocide against Palestinians in Gaza, according to a new report by Amnesty International.
The Britain-based rights group documented how India has forged a close and profitable partnership with the Israeli defence sector, becoming a key contributor to the supply chains that support Israel’s military operations.
Amnesty International investigators analysed 2,596 shipments of weapons, ammunition, parts and components shipped from India to Israel since October 7, 2023, the date of the massive Israeli offensive on Gaza.
According to the report, titled The Supply of Weapons and Ammunition to Israel, Indian companies supplied at least 390,516 small arms parts for military-grade weapons, 564,970 parts of explosive ordnance including drone warheads and artillery shell casings, and 298 components of military vehicles to Israeli military suppliers.
Researchers used shipment trade data and systematically excluded shipments potentially destined for civilian use. They identified India’s exports under the internationally recognised Harmonised System codes covering weapons, ammunition, parts and accessories.
Al Jazeera separately obtained 91 Indian customs export documents covering arms-related shipments to Israel in 2024 under a classification code referring to bombs and grenades. Those documents showed Indian firms exporting weapons components to Israeli arms manufacturers including Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, IMI Systems Limited and MCT Materials.
Agnès Callamard, Amnesty International’s secretary-general, said the report reveals India’s continuing support to the Israeli military and defence sector despite the genocide in Gaza, which has been broadcast worldwide on an almost daily basis for years.
“India manufactures and supplies arms transferred to Israel through its ownership and control over key supplier companies,” Callamard said. “Not only has India failed to regulate arms exports to Israel by private companies in line with international law and standards, it has also deepened its defence partnership with Israel.”
India has been Israel’s largest defence purchaser for years, accounting for 29 percent of total Israeli arms sales between 2020 and 2025, according to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Israel ranked third among countries supplying arms to India during the same period, with 15 percent of imports.
India and Israel signed a memorandum of understanding on defence cooperation on November 4, 2025, during a visit by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Israel. The two countries acknowledged growth in defence cooperation and outlined a roadmap for future military ties.
The International Court of Justice in 2024 issued provisional measures ordering Israel to take action to prevent genocide in Gaza. The International Criminal Court also issued an arrest warrant for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu over alleged war crimes. Modi has frequently described Netanyahu as a dear friend.
