International Literacy Day (ILD), observed on 8 September annually since 1967, serves as a pivotal occasion to spotlight the essential role of literacy in fostering global understanding, peace, and sustainable development. The theme for 2024, “Promoting Multilingual Education: Literacy for Mutual Understanding and Peace,” underscores the significance of multilingual education in advancing societal cohesion and personal empowerment.
Literacy as a Basic Human Right
Literacy is a fundamental human right crucial for realizing other rights and freedoms. The United Nations recognizes literacy as essential for personal development and societal progress. Article 26 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that the right to education encompasses literacy and numeracy, enabling individuals to fully engage in society and contribute to the common good.
The Islamic Perspective on Literacy and Education
In Islam, the pursuit of knowledge and education is highly valued and considered a religious obligation. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ emphasized the importance of learning, stating, “Seeking knowledge is an obligation to every Muslim” (Sunan Ibn Majah). This teaching highlights that education is not just a personal duty but also a means to fulfill one’s role in society.
The Quran places significant emphasis on acquiring knowledge. The verse “Read in the name of your Lord who created” (Quran 96:1) is seen as a directive for seeking knowledge and wisdom, crucial for personal and communal development.
Another verse, “And say, ‘My Lord, increase me in knowledge’” (Quran 20:114), further affirms the value of continuous learning.
Islamic teachings stress that literacy contributes to moral and spiritual growth. Education enables individuals to understand and apply ethical principles, fostering empathy and promoting justice. By equipping people with knowledge, literacy helps them contribute positively to their communities and uphold Islamic values of fairness, compassion, and respect for others.
Views of Prominent Islamic Scholars
Several renowned Islamic scholars have emphasized the importance of literacy and multilingual education:
– Ibn Khaldun (1332-1406): The famed historian and sociologist Ibn Khaldun highlighted the role of education in fostering societal development. He believed that literacy and knowledge are crucial for the advancement of civilization and the formation of a just and effective society. His work on the importance of education underscores its role in the socio-economic and cultural development of communities.
– Imam Al-Ghazali (1058-1111): Imam Al-Ghazali, a major Islamic theologian and philosopher, emphasized that acquiring knowledge is essential for personal development and spiritual enlightenment. He viewed education as a means to strengthen one’s faith and moral character, advocating for a comprehensive approach to learning that includes religious and worldly knowledge.
– Sheikh Abdullah bin Bayyah (b. 1935): A contemporary Islamic scholar, Sheikh Abdullah bin Bayyah, has highlighted the importance of education in building a more just and cohesive society. He has advocated for educational reforms that promote linguistic diversity and inclusivity, recognizing the value of multilingualism in fostering understanding and dialogue among different cultural and linguistic groups.
Literary Statistics for 2024
Globally, literacy rates have improved, but disparities remain. According to UNESCO data:
– Global Literacy Rate: The global adult literacy rate is approximately 86%, with regional differences.
– Youth Literacy Rate: The global youth literacy rate (ages 15-24) is around 91%.
– Gender Disparities: Despite progress, gender disparities persist, particularly affecting women and girls in many regions.
India’s Literacy Statistics for 2024:
– Overall Literacy Rate: As of 2024, India’s literacy rate is approximately 79.8%. This marks an improvement from previous years but highlights ongoing challenges.
– Male Literacy Rate: The literacy rate for males stands at 85.4%.
– Female Literacy Rate: The literacy rate for females is 74.2%.
– Highest State: Kerala continues to lead with a literacy rate of 97.3%.
– Lowest State: Bihar has the lowest literacy rate at approximately 65.1%.
The Connection Between Literacy and Education
Literacy is intrinsically linked to education, forming the foundation upon which all other educational achievements are built. Education provides the skills and knowledge necessary for personal and professional development, while literacy ensures that individuals can access, comprehend, and utilize this education effectively. Without literacy, the benefits of education cannot be fully realized, as individuals would struggle to engage with written materials and educational resources.
The Role of Muslims in Promoting Literacy
Muslim communities worldwide have made major contributions to promoting literacy and education. Islamic organizations, schools, and charities have established numerous initiatives to enhance literacy rates and provide educational opportunities, particularly in underserved regions. Some notable efforts include:
– Educational Charities: Organizations such as the Islamic Relief Worldwide and the Muslim Aid Foundation support literacy programs and educational initiatives in various countries, focusing on both children and adults.
– Community Schools: Many Muslim-majority countries have developed robust educational systems that emphasize literacy, including primary, secondary, and higher education institutions. These schools often provide multilingual education to accommodate diverse linguistic backgrounds.
– Publications and Media: Muslim scholars and educators contribute to literacy through books, articles, and media that promote knowledge and learning in various languages.
Contributions of Muslim Universities and Madrasas
Muslim universities and madrasas play a crucial role in providing multilingual education and fostering academic excellence. These institutions contribute significantly to literacy and education by offering programs in multiple languages and integrating religious and secular studies.
– Al-Azhar University, Egypt: One of the oldest and most prestigious Islamic universities, Al-Azhar offers education in Arabic and other languages, emphasizing both religious and secular knowledge.
– Jamia Millia Islamia, India: This prominent Indian university provides education in multiple languages, including English and Urdu, and offers a range of programs in various disciplines.
– Dar Al-Hekma University, Saudi Arabia: Known for its focus on multilingual education, this university offers programs in English and Arabic, preparing students for global and local challenges.
– Madrasas Across the Muslim World: Traditional madrasas provide education in multiple languages, integrating religious teachings with contemporary subjects. These institutions play a vital role in preserving linguistic and cultural heritage while promoting literacy.
The Importance of Multilingual Education
Multilingual education is crucial for several reasons:
- Cognitive Development: Learning multiple languages enhances cognitive skills, such as problem-solving and critical thinking.
- Cultural Preservation: Multilingual education helps preserve cultural heritage and linguistic diversity, fostering identity and belonging.
- Social Inclusion: It promotes inclusivity by enabling individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds to access education and participate in societal activities.
- Economic Opportunities: Proficiency in multiple languages can enhance career prospects and economic opportunities in a globalized world.
Literacy as a Means of Fostering Sustainable Development
Literacy is a powerful tool for fostering sustainable development. Educated individuals are better equipped to tackle global challenges such as poverty, inequality, and climate change. Literacy promotes economic growth by enhancing workforce participation and productivity. It also improves health outcomes through better access to and understanding of health information. Furthermore, literate societies are more likely to engage in environmental conservation efforts and support sustainable practices, contributing to long-term ecological balance.
Moulana Moududi’s Perspective on Language and Education
Moulana Abul A’la Maududi, a prominent Islamic scholar, emphasized the importance of language in education and cultural preservation. In his famous Khutba-e-Madras, Moududi highlighted that languages are vital carriers of cultural and religious identity. He advocated for educational systems that respect and incorporate native languages, aligning with Islamic principles that value cultural and religious heritage.
Moududi argued that education should integrate native languages to ensure students connect deeply with their heritage while acquiring knowledge. He believed that a robust educational framework should uphold linguistic diversity to strengthen cultural identity and societal cohesion.
Wrapping-up
International Literacy Day 2024 highlights the transformative power of literacy and multilingual education in shaping individual lives and driving societal progress. By embracing multilingual education and recognizing literacy as a fundamental human right, we can promote mutual understanding, cultural diversity, and inclusivity.
From an Islamic perspective, literacy is a tool for personal growth and a means to uphold ethical principles and contribute to societal well-being. As we celebrate ILD 2024, let us reaffirm our commitment to advancing literacy, respecting linguistic diversity, and ensuring every individual has the opportunity to reach their full potential. Through education and understanding, we can build a world where knowledge and wisdom are the foundations of peace and progress.
